Which of the following is a common cause of esophagitis in immunocompromised patients?

Esophagitis in immunocompromised patients is frequently caused by Candida, a type of fungus. In individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, Candida can proliferate and lead to infections of the mucosal surfaces, including the esophagus. Candida esophagitis is characterized by the presence of lesions and white patches in the esophagus, which can cause pain during swallowing and other symptoms.

The predisposition for Candida overgrowth in these patients stems from the reduced ability of their immune system to combat fungal infections. In a healthy individual, the immune system effectively keeps Candida in check, but when it is compromised, this balance is disrupted. Thus, Candida is a common cause of esophageal inflammation in these populations.

The other options mentioned, such as Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, and Staphylococcus aureus, are generally associated with different types of infections or conditions. Escherichia coli is often linked with gastrointestinal infections, Clostridium difficile typically causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and Staphylococcus aureus is more associated with skin infections and various systemic infections, rather than specifically esophagitis in the immunocompromised.