What is a common complication of acute otitis media?

Mastoiditis is a common complication of acute otitis media due to the close anatomical relationship between the middle ear and the mastoid air cells. When an infection in the middle ear spreads, it can cause inflammation and infection of the mastoid, leading to mastoiditis. This condition typically presents with symptoms such as fever, ear pain, and swelling behind the ear, along with potentially decreased hearing.

In children, particularly, the frequency of acute otitis media is high, and if left untreated or inadequately managed, it can result in complications like mastoiditis. Prompt recognition and treatment of acute otitis media are crucial in preventing such complications.

Other potential complications, while they may occur, are less common than mastoiditis. Malignant otitis externa is more commonly associated with immunocompromised individuals or diabetes rather than typical cases of acute otitis media. Cholesteatoma typically develops as a chronic condition rather than a direct complication of an acute episode. Acute labyrinthitis represents an inflammation of the inner ear and is also less frequently seen in the context of acute otitis media. Thus, mastoiditis stands out as the most common and direct complication stemming from an instance of acute otitis media.