What are the common symptoms of toxoplasmosis in an HIV patient?

In patients with HIV, particularly those with a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm³, opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis can occur due to reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection. The common symptoms of toxoplasmosis in this population include headaches, nausea, vomiting, and focal neurological deficits. These symptoms arise primarily from the central nervous system involvement, as the infection often presents as encephalitis.

Headaches are a frequent complaint, often stemming from the increased intracranial pressure or inflammation. Nausea and vomiting may occur as a result of increased intracranial pressure or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. Focal neurological deficits can manifest due to the localization of the infection within specific areas of the brain, leading to symptoms such as seizures, hemiparesis, or cognitive changes depending on the affected regions.

Other options do not reflect the primary presentation of toxoplasmosis in HIV/AIDS. Severe abdominal pain, fever, and muscle aches are more typical of gastrointestinal infections or systemic viral illnesses rather than toxoplasmosis. Blurry vision and conjunctivitis could suggest other infections or conditions but are not characteristic symptoms of primary toxoplasmosis in an immunocompromised host. Jaundice and renal problems may pertain to